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NetHack 3.1.0 is the 16th public release of NetHack and the twelfth by the DevTeam. Izchak Miller published it to the Usenet newsgroup comp.sources.games and the moderator approved it in January 1993.

Availability[]

The original Usenet postings are most easily obtained from UUNet at [1]. The part*.Z files in that directory are NetHack 3.1.0; patch*.Z files are the patches for succeeding versions through NetHack 3.1.3.

Ali Harlow[2] has a NetHack 3.1.0 distribution at [3].

Significant changes[]

NetHack 3.1.0 significantly revises the dungeon and adds many new monsters and objects:

  • Dungeon lighting now uses line-of-sight calculations.
  • Moloch is introduced, along with a new background mythology.
  • The encumbrance system is redone, giving the modern statuses of Burdened, Stressed, Strained, Overtaxed, and Overloaded.
  • Monsters can now use certain items such as weapons, wands and scrolls. The MUSE symbol enables this behavior.
  • In addition to the existing MS-DOS port using overlays, a new port is provided for 386-based computers, using DJGPP.
  • The graphical user interface is now handled through special sections of the code, which can be linked or not as needed. The supported GUIs are X11, Mac, and Amiga, but there is no support for tiles.

The adventurer[]

The player may choose from these roles:

Role Alignment Alignment in 3.0.10
Archeologist Lawful Lawful
Barbarian Neutral Chaotic
Cave(wo)man Lawful Lawful
Elf Chaotic Lawful
Healer Neutral Lawful
Knight Lawful Lawful
Priest(ess) Random Neutral
Rogue Chaotic Chaotic
Samurai Lawful Lawful
Tourist Neutral Neutral
Valkyrie Neutral Chaotic
Wizard Neutral Neutral

All classes permit male and female adventurers, except the Valkyrie which must be female.

The adventurer has experience, hit points, magical energy, armor class, alignment, and the six major attributes. He may advance to experience level 30.

The initial pet is a little dog for Cavemen and Samurai, a kitten for Wizards, and a random choice of the two (or the user's choice in his options) for all others.

Dungeon features[]

The main trunk of the dungeon begins at level 1, where the game begins, and proceeds down stairs to Medusa's Lair and the Castle. From there, it is necessary to enter a trap door to the Valley of the Dead. Further stairs down eventually lead to the invocation level. Performing the invocation ritual at the vibrating square opens the stairs to the Sanctum.

With the Amulet of Yendor in hand, the adventurer may ascend from level 1 into the Plane of Earth; thence s/he may proceed through magic portals to the planes of Air, Fire, and Water, and thence to the Astral Plane. Offering the Amulet of Yendor on the correct high altar wins the game.

Along the way, one will encounter these branches and special levels:

To win the game, it is necessary to complete these tasks:

  • Escape from the dungeon.

Special rooms are:

Special dungeon features are:

Traps are:

A wand of wishing is guaranteed in the Castle, in its modern position, and protected by Elbereth, but not tucked inside a chest.

Bestiary[]

New monsters are indicated in boldface.

The following monsters may be encountered:

Name Symbol Notes
giant ant a
killer bee a
soldier ant a
fire ant a
giant beetle a
queen bee a
acid blob b
quivering blob b
gelatinous cube b
cockatrice c
jackal d
werejackal @/d
little dog d
dog d
large dog d
wolf d
werewolf @/d
warg d
winter wolf d
hell hound pup d
hell hound d
floating eye e
freezing sphere e
kitten f
housecat f
jaguar f
large cat f
tiger f
gremlin g
hobbit h
dwarf h
bugbear h
dwarf lord h
dwarf king h
mind flayer h
manes i
homunculus i
imp i
lemure i
quasit i
tengu i
blue jelly j
spotted jelly j
ochre jelly j
kobold k
large kobold k
kobold lord k
kobold shaman k
leprechaun l
small mimic m
large mimic m
giant mimic m
wood nymph n
water nymph n
mountain nymph n
goblin o
hobgoblin o
orc o
hill orc o
Mordor orc o
Uruk-hai o
orc shaman o
orc-captain o
rock piercer p
iron piercer p
rothe q
mumak q Formerly "mumakil" even in singular
leocrotta q
wumpus q
titanothere q
baluchitherium q
sewer rat r
giant rat r
rabid rat r
wererat @/r
rock mole r
cave spider s
giant spider s
scorpion s
lurker above t
trapper t
white unicorn u
gray unicorn u
black unicorn u
fog cloud v
dust vortex v
ice vortex v
energy vortex v
steam vortex v
fire vortex v
baby long worm w
baby purple worm w
long worm w
purple worm w
grid bug x
xan x
yellow light y
zruty z
couatl A
Aleax A
Angel A
ki-rin A
Archon A
bat B
giant bat B
vampire bat B
plains centaur C
forest centaur C
mountain centaur C
baby gray dragon D
baby red dragon D
baby white dragon D
baby orange dragon D
baby black dragon D
baby blue dragon D
baby green dragon D
baby yellow dragon D
gray dragon D
red dragon D
white dragon D
orange dragon D
black dragon D
blue dragon D
green dragon D
yellow dragon D
air elemental E
fire elemental E
earth elemental E
water elemental E
brown mold F
yellow mold F
green mold F
red mold F
shrieker F
violet fungus F
gnome G
gnome lord G
gnomish wizard G
gnome king G
giant H
stone giant H
hill giant H
fire giant H
frost giant H
ettin H
titan H
minotaur H
stalker I
jabberwock J
Keystone Kop K If KOPS defined at compile time
Kop Sergeant K If KOPS defined at compile time
Kop Lieutenant K If KOPS defined at compile time
Kop Kaptain K If KOPS defined at compile time
lich L
demilich L
master lich L
kobold mummy M
gnome mummy M
orc mummy M
elf mummy M
human mummy M
ettin mummy M
giant mummy M
red naga hatchling N
black naga hatchling N
golden naga hatchling N
guardian naga hatchling N
red naga N
black naga N
golden naga N
guardian naga N
ogre O
ogre lord O
ogre king O
gray ooze P
brown pudding P
black pudding P
quantum mechanic Q
rust monster R
garter snake S
snake S
water moccasin S
pit viper S
python S
cobra S
troll T
ice troll T
rock troll T
water troll T
Olog-hai T
umber hulk U
vampire V
vampire lord V
Vlad the Impaler V
barrow wight W
wraith W
Nazgul W
xorn X
ape Y Formerly A
owlbear Y Formerly H
yeti Y
carnivorous ape Y Formerly A
sasquatch Y
kobold zombie Z
gnome zombie Z
orc zombie Z
elf zombie Z
human zombie Z
ettin zombie Z
giant zombie Z
skeleton Z
straw golem '
rope golem '
leather golem '
wood golem '
flesh golem '
clay golem '
stone golem '
iron golem '
human @
Woodland-elf @
Green-elf @
Grey-elf @
elf-lord @
Elvenking @
nurse @
shopkeeper @
guard @
oracle @
aligned priest @
high priest @
unarmored watchman @ If MUSE not defined at compile time (not in default build)
unarmored soldier @ If ARMY defined and MUSE not defined at compile time (not in default build)
soldier @ If ARMY defined at compile time
sergeant @ If ARMY defined at compile time
lieutenant @ If ARMY defined at compile time
captain @ If ARMY defined at compile time
watchman @
watch captain @
Medusa @
Wizard of Yendor @
Croesus @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
ghost  
shade  
water demon &
horned devil &
succubus &
incubus &
erinyes &
barbed devil &
marilith &
vrock &
hezrou &
bone devil &
ice devil &
nalfeshnee &
pit fiend &
balrog &
Juiblex &
Yeenoghu & Has the touch-of-death bug
Orcus &
Geryon &
Dispater &
Baalzebub &
Asmodeus &
Demogorgon &
Death &
Pestilence &
Famine &
mail daemon & If MAIL defined at compile time
djinni &
giant eel ;
electric eel ;
kraken ;
newt :
gecko :
iguana :
baby crocodile :
lizard :
chameleon :
crocodile :
archeologist @
barbarian @
caveman @
cavewoman @
elf @
healer @
knight @
priest @
priestess @
rogue @
samurai @
tourist @ If TOURIST defined at compile time
valkyrie @
wizard @
Lord Carnarvon @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
Pelias @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
Shaman Karnov @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
Earendil @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
Elwing @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
Hippocrates @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
King Arthur @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
Arch Priest @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
Master of Thieves @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
Lord Sato @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
Twoflower @ If MULDGN and TOURIST defined at compile time
Norn @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
Wizard of Balance @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
Minion of Huhetol & If MULDGN defined at compile time
Thoth Amon @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
Chromatic Dragon D If MULDGN defined at compile time
Goblin King o If MULDGN defined at compile time
Cyclops H If MULDGN defined at compile time
Ixoth D If MULDGN defined at compile time
Nalzok & If MULDGN defined at compile time
Master Assassin @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
Ashikaga Takauji @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
Lord Surtur H If MULDGN defined at compile time
Dark One @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
student @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
chieftain @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
neanderthal @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
High-elf @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
intern @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
page @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
acolyte @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
thug @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
ninja @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
ronin @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
guide @ If MULDGN and TOURIST defined at compile time
warrior @ If MULDGN defined at compile time
apprentice @ If MULDGN defined at compile time

The INFERNO symbol no longer controls any game feature, and so the generic demon is removed.

Objects[]

New objects are indicated in boldface.

Artifacts[]

Artifacts in NetHack 3.1.0 are:

Name Object Alignment Role Notes
Excalibur long sword Lawful Knight
Stormbringer runesword Chaotic   Formerly a broadsword
Mjollnir war hammer Neutral Valkyrie Formerly lawful
Cleaver battle-axe Neutral Barbarian Formerly a roleless chaotic axe
Grimtooth orcish dagger Chaotic  
Orcrist elven broadsword Lawful Elf User-nameable; formerly a two-handed sword
Sting elven dagger Lawful   User-nameable
Magicbane athame Neutral Wizard
Frost Brand long sword Neutral  
Fire Brand long sword Neutral  
Dragonbane broadsword Neutral  
Demonbane long sword Lawful  
Werebane silver saber Lawful   Formerly a long sword
Grayswandir silver saber Lawful  
Giantslayer long sword Neutral  
Ogresmasher war hammer Lawful  
Trollsbane morning star Lawful  
Vorpal Blade long sword Neutral  
Snickersnee katana Lawful Samurai
Sunsword long sword Lawful  

The following are Quest artifacts and appear only if MULDGN is defined at compile time.

Name Object Alignment Role Notes
The Orb of Detection crystal ball Lawful Archeologist
The Heart of Ahriman luckstone Neutral Barbarian
The Sceptre of Might quarterstaff Lawful Caveman
The Palantir of Westernesse crystal ball Chaotic Elf
The Staff of Aesculapius quarterstaff Neutral Healer
The Magic Mirror of Merlin mirror Lawful Knight
The Mitre of Holiness helm of brilliance Lawful Priest
The Master Key of Thievery skeleton key Chaotic Rogue
The Tsurugi of Muramasa tsurugi Lawful Samurai
The Platinum Yendorian Express Card credit card Neutral Tourist If MULDGN and TOURIST defined at compile time
The Orb of Fate crystal ball Neutral Valkyrie
The Eye of the Aethiopica amulet of ESP Neutral Wizard

Orcrist is lawful, but Elves are chaotic; how this apparent conflict is resolved is unclear at this time.

Amulets[]

All amulets appear as ".

Amulets in NetHack 3.1.0 are:

Food[]

Food items in NetHack 3.1.0 are:

Name Symbol Notes
tripe ration %
corpse %
egg %
apple %
orange %
pear %
melon %
banana %
carrot %
sprig of wolfsbane %
clove of garlic %
nameable fruit % if TUTTI_FRUTTI defined at compile time; formerly %
slice of pizza % if TUTTI_FRUTTI not defined at compile time (not in default build)
lump of royal jelly %
cream pie %
candy bar %
fortune cookie %
pancake %
lembas wafer %
cram ration % Formerly %
food ration % Formerly %
K-ration % if ARMY defined at compile time; formerly %
C-ration % if ARMY defined at compile time; formerly %
tin %

Weapons[]

Weapons in NetHack 3.1.0 are:

Name Symbol Notes
arrow )
elven arrow )
orcish arrow )
silver arrow )
ya )
crossbow bolt )
dart )
shuriken )
boomerang )
spear )
elven spear )
orcish spear )
dwarvish spear )
javelin )
trident )
lance )
dagger )
elven dagger )
orcish dagger )
athame )
scalpel )
knife )
stiletto )
worm tooth )
crysknife )
dwarvish mattock )
axe )
battle-axe )
short sword )
elven short sword )
orcish short sword )
dwarvish short sword )
scimitar )
silver saber )
broadsword )
elven broadsword )
long sword )
two-handed sword )
katana )
tsurugi )
runesword )
partisan )
ranseur )
spetum )
glaive )
halberd )
bardiche )
voulge )
fauchard )
guisarme )
bill-guisarme )
lucern hammer )
bec de corbin )
mace )
morning star )
war hammer )
club )
rubber hose ) if KOPS defined at compile time
quarterstaff )
aklys )
flail )
bullwhip )
bow )
elven bow )
orcish bow )
yumi )
sling )
crossbow )

Tools[]

Tools in NetHack 3.1.0 are:

Name Symbol Notes
large box (
chest (
ice box (
sack (
oilskin sack (
bag of holding (
bag of tricks (
skeleton key (
lock pick (
credit card ( If TOURIST defined at compile time
tallow candle (
wax candle (
brass lantern (
oil lamp ( Formerly called just "lamp"
magic lamp (
expensive camera ( If TOURIST defined at compile time
mirror (
crystal ball (
blindfold (
towel (
leash ( if WALKIES defined at compile time
stethoscope (
tinning kit (
tin opener (
can of grease (
figurine (
magic marker (
whistle (
magic whistle (
wooden flute ( Formerly called just "flute"
magic flute (
tooled horn ( Formerly called just "horn", symbol (
frost horn ( Formerly (
fire horn ( Formerly (
horn of plenty (
wooden harp ( Formerly called just "harp"
magic harp (
bell (
bugle (
leather drum ( Formerly called just "drum"
drum of earthquake (
pick-axe (
unicorn horn (
Candelabrum of Invocation (
Bell of Opening (

The shaped keys are removed; the skeleton key takes over their function.

Armor[]

Armor items in NetHack 3.1.0 are:

Name Symbol Notes
elven leather helm [
orcish helm [
dwarvish iron helm [
fedora [
dented pot [
helmet [ or [
helm of brilliance [ or [
helm of opposite alignment [ or [
helm of telepathy [ or [
gray dragon scale mail [
red dragon scale mail [
white dragon scale mail [
orange dragon scale mail [
black dragon scale mail [
blue dragon scale mail [
green dragon scale mail [
yellow dragon scale mail [
gray dragon scales [
red dragon scales [
white dragon scales [
orange dragon scales [
black dragon scales [
blue dragon scales [
green dragon scales [
yellow dragon scales [
plate mail [
crystal plate mail [
bronze plate mail [
splint mail [
banded mail [
dwarvish mithril-coat [
elven mithril-coat [
chain mail [
orcish chain mail [
scale mail [
studded leather armor [
ring mail [
orcish ring mail [
leather armor [
leather jacket [
mummy wrapping [
elven cloak [ [ [ [
orcish cloak [ [ [ [
dwarvish cloak [ [ [ [
oilskin cloak [ [ [ [
cloak of protection [ [ [ [
cloak of invisibility [ [ [ [
cloak of magic resistance [ [ [ [
cloak of displacement [ [ [ [
small shield [
elven shield [
Uruk-hai shield [
orcish shield [
large shield [
dwarvish roundshield [
shield of reflection [
Hawaiian shirt [ if TOURIST defined at compile time
leather gloves [
gauntlets of fumbling [
gauntlets of power [
gauntlets of dexterity [
low boots [
iron shoes [
high boots [
speed boots [
water walking boots [
jumping boots [
elven boots [
fumble boots [
levitation boots [

Potions[]

Potions in NetHack 3.1.0 have randomized appearances (except for water), occurring as one of ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !. They are:

Holy and unholy water are now obtained by prayer.

Scrolls[]

All scrolls appear as ?.

Scrolls in NetHack 3.1.0 are:

Wands[]

Wands in NetHack 3.1.0 have randomized appearances, occurring as one of / / / / / /. They are:

Spellbooks[]

Spellbooks in NetHack 3.1.0 have randomized appearances (except for blank paper and the Book of the Dead), occurring as one of + + + + + + + + + + + + + +. They are:

The spellbook of genocide is removed.

Rings[]

Rings in NetHack 3.1.0 have randomized appearances, occurring as one of = = = = = = = = = = = =. They are:

Stones[]

Stones in NetHack 3.1.0 are:

Name Symbol Notes
dilithium crystal *
diamond *
ruby *
sapphire *
emerald *
turquoise stone * *
aquamarine stone * *
amber stone *
topaz stone *
opal stone *
garnet stone *
amethyst stone *
jasper stone *
fluorite stone * * * *
jade stone *
luckstone *
loadstone *
rock *

and worthless pieces of white, blue, red, yellowish brown, green, and violet glass.

Other items[]

Other items not appearing in the above categories are:

Name Symbol Notes
gold piece $
boulder `
statue `
heavy iron ball 0
iron chain _

Blinding and acid venom (both ., formerly .) are also listed as objects, but they only exist while in flight, or when a wizard mode wish requests them.


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