Rogue

The Rogue is a player role. Rogues are skilled thieves. NetHack says of them:

I understand the business, I hear it: to have an open ear, a       quick eye, and a nimble hand, is necessary for a cut-purse; a        good nose is requisite also, to smell out work for the other senses. I see this is the time that the unjust man doth thrive. <...> The prince himself is about a piece of iniquity, stealing away from his father with his clog at his heels: if        I thought it were a piece of honesty to acquaint the king withal, I would not do't: I hold it the more knavery to        conceal it; and therein am I constant to my profession. [ Autolycus the Rogue, from The Winter's Tale by               William Shakespeare ]

Starting equipment

 * an uncursed +0 short sword (orcish short sword if an orc)
 * 6&mdash;16 uncursed +0 daggers (orcish daggers if an orc)
 * an uncursed +1 leather armor ( 5% chance of being blessed instead )
 * an uncursed potion of sickness
 * an uncursed lock pick
 * an uncursed sack
 * a 20 % chance of a blindfold

Intrinsics

 * XL 1: Stealth
 * XL 10: Searching

Strategy

 * Rogues have very low HP growth. Because of this, melee combat can be dangerous in the early game. Rogues can be better suited to fighting with ranged attacks; like daggers, crossbows, darts, and knives.  However, realistically, at higher XLs or later in the game when one's AC is sufficiently negative, melee combat with an artifact weapon obviously becomes the norm.
 * Rogues can get to expert skill in twoweaponing as well, but as they cannot become expert in the better artifact weapons (besides Magicbane) and cannot get backstab damage while twoweaponing this may not be the best use of skill points.
 * Rogues start with a lot of daggers and they should be thrown often. The skill should be raised to expert before anything else, as they can throw up to 4 daggers at once at expert. They also have a high dexterity, so it is rare for them to miss.
 * Rogues start with a potion of sickness. This can be used to make poisoned weapons, which are capable of instakills if the monster doesn't have poison resistance. In the beginning of the game, it's a good idea to #dip a stack of darts in the potion of sickness to use on tougher monsters.
 * Since in the later game you will not use your short sword, you should use any dagger (even a crude one) as your primary weapon as soon as possible. This will help you to raise the dagger skill. One dagger can be seperated from your starting stack for wielding by dropping it, naming the others, putting the others in the sack, and naming the chosen dagger.
 * Because Rogues tend to use low damage weapons which hit often, strength is an especially important attribute. Early boulder pushing may be in order.
 * Remember that runed daggers are made from wood, so you would like to have one or three in case of an acid blob or something like that. If you're playing Slash'em, try to get a Great Dagger; The Great Dagger of Glaurgnaa (chaotic Necromancer great dagger) if you can, because it gives you magic resistance when carried and its level-drain ability can be helpful.
 * Rogues can gain an additional +1d(XL) "backstab" damage when striking a fleeing monster and not two-weaponing.. Because of this, Elbereth, scrolls of scare monster, and tooled horns are useful to rogues in close quarters. This is extremely powerful when combined with thrown daggers. In addition, Rogues might wish for Magicbane or find it in the bones file of a Wizard - its 'scare' attack can very often cause monsters to flee, giving the Rogue backstab opportunities, and more importantly, it is an athame, so when uncursed or blessed, it can engrave Elbereth in one turn.
 * The Rogue quest is a tad trickier than others, because there isn't a direct pathway between the stairs and Master Assassin, the quest nemesis. One can overcome this in a few ways: 1) By digging down from the previous level and hopefully landing in the region where the quest nemesis is, killing him, grabbing the important items and then getting out of the level by quaffing a cursed potion of gain level or by reading a cursed scroll of teleportation or reading an uncursed scroll of teleportation while confused; 2) By polymorphing oneself into a monster such as an Umber Hulk or Xorn to be able to walk through walls (make sure to take off the appropriate pieces of armor which would break upon polymorphing into one of these monsters first); 3)Applying a drum of earthquake sufficiently close to the Master Assassin to alert him of your presence; 4) Use the psychic blast of a tame or polymorphed (master) mind flayer to alert the Master Assassin of your presence. The quest nemesis is a bit of a pushover and might even easily be overcome when the player is in the form of another monster.  Even if the player is reduced to 0 HP in polymorphed form, however, they will return to their original form at whatever HP they had before the polymorph.  The quest nemesis could then be dispatched from their original form.
 * The Rogue class artifact is the Master Key of Thievery, a very nice artifact which confers the half physical damage, warning and teleport control intrinsics. It can also be #invoked to untrap boxes and doors with 100% success.

Weapon Choice
Rogues are good twoweaponers but better missile users. Thrown weapons will often make sense at all ranges. If you do twoweapon, consider leading with a dagger to allow expert skill and conserve skill slots.

Damage of selected weapons versus small targets with only skill +damage. Daggers thrown except as noted.

Damage versus small targets with +3 damage from and strength and a +3 damage from enchantment.

Damage vs. Demon Lords in the late game, blessed +7 weapons, XL30, 18/**-25 strength, no misses, with backstab for non-twoweapons: (Assumes Demon Lord is fire resistant, drain resistant, poison resistant (Juiblex is, at least), hates silver, and is fleeing): As you can see, due to the double backstab damage, Grayswandir by itself *beats* Grayswandir and a silver saber twoweaponed -- against a non-silver-hating monster, where the silver saber doesn't help so much, the effect would be even more dramatic.